
The conflict was fought in North America, the Caribbean, and the Atlantic Ocean. The British, in turn, were supported by Hessian soldiers from Germany, some American Indians, Loyalists, and freedmen. In the war, American patriot forces were supported by the Kingdom of France and the Kingdom of Spain.

The war was formalized and intensified following passage of the Lee Resolution, which asserted that the Thirteen Colonies were "free and independent states", by the Second Continental Congress in Philadelphia on July 2, 1776, and the unanimous ratification of the Declaration of Independence two days later, on July 4, 1776. Fighting began on April 19, 1775, at the Battles of Lexington and Concord. The American Revolutionary War (Ap– September 3, 1783), also known as the Revolutionary War or American War of Independence, was the military conflict of the American Revolution in which American Patriot forces under George Washington's command defeated the British, establishing and securing the independence of the United States.
